Glaxosmithkline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Aids in Africa

†¢ Case – 2 Marks-20In 2004, the United Nations estimated that the previous year 5 million more people around the world hadcontracted the AIDS virus, 3 million had died, and a total of 40 million people were living with theinfection. Seventy percent, or about 28 million of these, lived in sub – Saharan Africa, where the epidemicwas at its worst. Sub – Saharan Africa consists of the 48 countries and 643 million people who residesouth of the Saharan desert. In 16 of these countries, 10 percent are infected with the virus, in 6 othernation, 20 percent are infected. The UN predicted that in these 6 nations two – thirds of all 15 – year oldswould eventually die of AIDS and in those where 10 percent were infected, half of all 15 – year –†¦show more content†¦In1987, Burroughs Wellcome (now part of GlaxoSmithKline) developed AZT, the first FDA-approvedantiretroviral, that is, a drug that attacks the HIV virus itself. When wellc ome priced AZT at $10,000 for ayear’s supply, it was accused of price gouging, forcing a price reducing of 20 percent the following year. In1991, Bristol- Myers Squibb developed didanosine, a new class of antiretroviral drug called nucleosidereverse transcriptase inhibitors. In 1995, Roche developed saquinavir, a third new class of antiretroviraldrug called a protease inhibitor, and the following year Roxane Laboratories announced nevirapine,another new class of antiretrovirals called nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors . By the middle1990s, drug companies had developed four distinct classes of antiretrovirals, as several drugs thatattacked the opportunistic diseases that afflict AIDS patients. In 1996, Dr. David Ho was honored for his discovery that by taking a combination- a â€Å"cocktail†- ofthree of than four classes of antiretroviral drags, it is possible to kill off virtually all of than HIV virus in apatient’s body, allowing the immune system to recover, and thereby effectively bringing the disease intoremission. Costing upwards of $20,000 a year (the medicines had to be taken for the rest of the patient’slife), the new drug treatment enabled AIDS patients to once again live normal, healthy lives. By 1998, thelarge drug companies wouldShow MoreRelatedCompany Ethics and Moral1176 Words   |  5 Pagesdisease, diabetes, hepatitis, Parkinson’s, HIV/AIDS and some cancers (Dowdall, 2014). Without several of these drugs that are provided by these companies, many people would not live healthier longer lives. â€Å"Malaria, a mosquito-borne parasitic disease, kills hundreds of thousands of people a year, mainly babies in the poorest parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and scientists say an effective vaccine is key to attempts to eradicate it† (Moorthy, 2013). GlaxoSmithKline, a British drug maker has created the worldsRead MorePharma Industry Analysis1714 Words   |  7 PagesGood health is an important personal and social requirement and the unique role pharmaceutical firms play in meeting society’s need for popular wellbeing cannot be underestimated. In recent times, the impact of various global epidemics e.g. SARS, AIDS etc has also attracted popular and media attention to the industry. The effect of the intense media and political attention has resulted in increasing industry efforts to create and maintain good government-industry-society communications. TechnologicalRead MorePfizer Tested A New Antibiotic1483 Words   |  6 Pagestiming of antiretroviral treatment for HIV positive people is taking place in the African countries of Morocco, Mali, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda (â€Å"Strategic Timing†). The Strategic Timing of Antiretrovial Treatment (START) study is currently sponsored by the University of Minnesota and has twenty-one collaborators including GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck. The study s objective is to assess the mortality rate of HIV patients over the course of four years. Numerous antiretroviralRead MoreEthical Justification For Providing Life Saving Medicines2109 Words   |  9 Pagesshareholders of the company, especially in recouping the money that has been spent on the research. If a company does patent its HIV/AIDS drug then they protect it from being common knowledge and avoid losing an edge over other companies, not to mention the millions or billions in profits. Today, approxima tely 35 million people in the world are currently living with the HIV/AIDS disease (13), which leads us to the question: Should pharmaceutical companies be forced to make drug advancements public knowledgeRead MoreGsk Marketing Planning4419 Words   |  18 PagesGSK Marketing Planning | March 31 2013 | Calvin Cheung, Hussain Al Katib, Manpreet Budwal, Sandra Okechukwu | SOSTAC Review based on GlaxoSmithKline | Content Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction2 2.0 Situation Analysis3 2.1 PESTEL Analysis3 2.2 SWOT Analysis4 2.3 Boston Matrix5 2.4 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis6 3.0 Objectives8 4.0 Strategy9 4.1 Product9 4.2 Price9 4.3 Promotion9 4.4 Place10 4.5 Person10 4.6 Process10 4.7 Physical Evidence10 5.0 Tactics11 6.0 Action Plan12 Read MoreHistory and Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Industry4211 Words   |  17 PagesGood health is an important personal and social requirement and the unique role pharmaceutical firms play in meeting society’s need for popular wellbeing cannot be underestimated. In recent times, the impact of various global epidemics e.g. SARS, AIDS etc has also attracted popular and media attention to the industry. The effect of the intense media and political attention has resulted in increasing industry efforts to create and maintain good government-industry-society communications. TechnologicalRead MoreGlaxosmithkline18561 Words   |  75 PagesGlaxoSmithKline company profile Francis Weyzig Amsterdam, October 2004 Summary Business description GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the world’s largest research-based pharmaceutical corporations that discovers, develops, manufactures and markets branded human health products. Headquarters: UK, with additional operational headquarters in the USA Global presence: about 160 countries Primary markets: USA, France, Germany, UK, Italy and Japan Employees: approximately 103,000 GSK key figuresRead MoreMergers Acquisitions in Pharma Industry21425 Words   |  86 PagesPROJECT REPORT ON A Successful International Merger in India: GlaxoSmithKline pharmaceutical industry Table of Contents: Declaration Abstract Part I –Introduction Research Objective and justifications Report Outline Part-II Industry DescriptionRead MoreProblems Facing the Pharmaceutical Industry and Approaches to Ensure Long Term Viability14741 Words   |  59 Pagesconsumer 3 products, healthcare services, medical devices and medical diagnostics. Yet other companies have taken the path of focusing on the Emerging Markets that are in some ways considered largely untapped potential like AstraZeneca and GlaxoSmithKline s focus on China and India respectively. These are examples of changes that point to the fact that many Pharma companies do not see the current situation as a temporary setback. Many are making the decision to work with former competitors (EliRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 PagesDo more, feel better, live longer GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2010 Contents Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–P191 Shareholder information P192–P212 Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial position and resources

Corrupt Government Officials and the Global Economy Free Essays

Corrupt government officials end up damaging the global economy with their unfair and unjust business practices. Not only does the local economy of nations suffer at the hands of unscrupulous government officials, but the world suffers as a result of lack of economic prosperity in the regions many other nations assist with volunteers and financial contributions. Greed has been the focus of many investigations over the course of history when nationalistic political figures ended up hurting their own nations by stealing from them. We will write a custom essay sample on Corrupt Government Officials and the Global Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The result of such self-indulgence is that the nation itself is left in economic disparity and recession (if not depression), and the countries that have contributed to the nation become hesitant on contributing further in order to bail-out the local economies. Analyzing corruption and the methods that these insatiable officials feed their hunger for power and finances is the only way to spread the concepts of democracy and attempt to end corruption in the governments around the world. Moral hazards, according to Luigi Manzetti, has caused some countries to lose their footing in the global market (Manzetti 114). The economic possibilities of these countries, at one time, would have been endless—had it not been for the corrupt officials that allowed their economies to falter as they gained more wealth. Foreign investments are a large part of the culture of business in the world. Without foreign investors, the global market not only suffers, but the countries that depend on outside finances do not receive the business nor the travel perks of hosting foreign business people within their countries. Argentina had a large problem with corruption in the 1990s: According to high ranking officials of the Argentine ministry of justice, during the 1990s alone corruption cost Argentina $5 billion annually, although official figures were never disclosed. Corruption is also a strong deterrent against foreign investments. Indeed, while in 2010 Chile was ranked as the best performer in per capita foreign investments, Argentina was at the bottom of the scale among the largest Latin American economies (Manzetti 113). Political corruption ruins the reputation for the country in the long run so that foreign investors do not devote their allegiance in the future. North Korea has seen its fair share of corrupt government officials. The government officials who were raising money for the government and charitable organizations within the country received contributions from various countries and organizations. The military officials kept most of that money in what would be one of the largest political scandals in the history of the world: According to charges brought against him in 1995, Chun amassed a political slush fund totaling US $890 million and accepted bribes totaling $273. 35 million during his seven years in power (Wedemen 467). The officials who stole from the military did not harm the economy, however. These officials skimmed off a portion of the money collected and put the rest into the private sector in their economy. Many countries have had to be bailed out because of political corruption. George W. Bush’s administration deregulated How to cite Corrupt Government Officials and the Global Economy, Essay examples

The Correlation of Self-Esteem and Suicide free essay sample

The text book debates the merits of high self-esteem, noting that high self-esteem is not always good. Carry out research on one potential correlate with self-esteem. Answer the following questions : Why might the 2 factors be connected? What does research on this connection show? Propose how the relationahip could be further studied. Suicide, the act deliberate taking of ones life, disturbs and threatens human society. At least a million people are estimated to die annually from suicide worldwide (Wasserman, Qi amp; Jiang, 2005) and what is of greater concern is that suicide rates among the young have increased dramatically in the past three decades (Wasserman, 2001). The beginning of the 20th century marked a very important time for suicide research and suicide prevention (Pompili, 2010). One of the outcomes of the extensive research is the finding that self-esteem correlates with suicidal behaviour, which includes suicidal ideation, suicidal threats, self-injuring actions and suicidal attempts (Bagley amp; Ramsey, 1997). Many studies have demonstrated strong connections between the two concepts (Marciano amp; Kazdin, 1994). This paper seeks to explain the relationship between self-esteem and suicidal behaviour, citing current research on this correlation, as well as propose how this relationship could be further studied. This paper will first explore how might self-esteem and suicidal behaviour be connected. Self-esteem refers to how favourably someone evaluates himself and it is a very important aspect of personal well-being and adjustment (Passer et al. 2009, p. 678). According to the theory of personal constructs (Kelly, 1950), people construct reality in according to their own cognitive schemas. Applying this theory, people with low self-esteem would construe a more pessimistic view of themselves. When faced with the same life stresses, which can be external, such as problems with relationships or work; physical, such as a chronic physical illness; or psychological, such as a reactivated memory of an earlier traumatic event (Bagley amp; Ramsey, 1997, p. 51), they are more likely to be harbour self-defeating thoughts and deem their predicament to be more dire than people with higher self-esteem. As a result, they are more vulnerable to emotional distresses when faced with life stressors. People with low self-esteem are also less likely to take the initiative to make themselves feel better (Baumeister amp; Bushman, 2008, p. 81). In addition, if attempts made to lift their spirits fail, they are more likely to develop learnt helplessness and give up trying to make themselves feel better (Baumeister amp; Bushman, 2008, p. 05). Furthermore, people have a need for self-consistency (Passer et al. , 2009, p. 677), people with low self esteem would perceive negative events such as social rejection or physical illness as a self-verification of their unworthiness. These maladjusted cognitive patterns are self-fulfilling prophecies that lead to further despair and feelings of hopelessness. Without the ego buffers to help them moderate self-defeating thoughts (Bagley amp; Ramsay, 1997, p. 51), the emotional distress due to unpleasant life circumstances might be too overwhelming for these individuals, leading them to conceive suicidal thoughts and carry out suicide attempts more often than those with higher self-esteem, who still cling on to the hope that there is inherent worth in their life amidst the most trying circumstances. Research has supported this connection of self-esteem and suicidal behaviour. One of the pioneering research of this correlation was carried out by Kaplan (Kaplan amp; Porkorny,1976). Kaplan followed samples of both adolescents and adults, and has found that low self-esteem is an important predictor of suicidal behaviour. (Kaplan 1980). A more recent study conducted by Angus H. Thompson tested the association between responses to a self-esteem inventory and levels of suicidal behavior as conceptualized in the notion of the suicide process: death wish, suicide ideation followed by suicidal plans and suicidal attempts (Thompson 2010). A negative relationship was found between the level of suicide behaviour and self-esteem. Also, the vulnerability stress model which links self-esteem to suicide was put to test in a longitudinal study of 63 women who were having chronically poor self-esteem and experienced prolonged sexual and emotional or physical abuse as a child in Southern Alberta in 1987 (Bagley amp; Ramsay, 1997, p. 149). Forty of the 63 participated in the therapy group designed to increase self-esteem, coping skills and social support. A follow-up study found that the women who joined these groups had maintained most of the gains they made in self-esteem, had a reduction of depression and an absence of suicidal ideas and behaviour. In contrast, the 23 women who did not receive therapy remained depressed and suicidal, and one woman in this category had actually committed suicide. Through this study, the correlation between low self-esteem and suicidal behaviour were confirmed. The ultimate aim of research in correlational studies of self-esteem and suicidal behaviour is to understand, predict and prevent suicidal behaviour. The relationship between self-esteem and suicidal behaviour could be further studied to allow more effective preventive interventions to be put in place. At present, effective psychotherapy treatments for suicidal cases not provide self-esteem enhancement sessions, but they also provide coping skills as well as a social support system (Bagley amp; Ramsay, 1997, p. 156). This resulted in difficulty concluding if it was the enhancement of self-esteem or the other measures that have most effectively curb suicidal behaviour. By conducting a research to find out to what extent is enhancing self-esteem crucial in preventing suicide behaviour in people with low self-esteem, we can further strengthen of the correlation between self-esteem and suicidal behaviour. One way of carrying out this research would be to replicate the aforementioned Alberta longitudinal study on the 63 sexually and emotionally or physically abused women with chronically low self-esteem (Bagley,1879). However for this study, patients would be randomly assigned to two different treatment groups, one group would undergo therapy similar to the Alberta therapy group, with measures to enhance self-esteem, coping skills workshops and social support; the other group would undergo therapy with measures to enhance coping skills and social support without the self-esteem enhancement sessions. Self-esteem enhancement sessions is the independent variable and potential confounding variables such as gender, type of stressors and current self-esteem levels are held constant. If follow-up study shows that suicidal behaviour is significantly reduced in the group that underwent self-esteem enhancing sessions, the correlation between self-esteem and suicidal behaviour would be strengthened. Suicide can be seen to be the extreme act of irrationality as it brings a permanent end to the persons chances for happiness or success (Baumeister amp; Bushman, 2008, p. 19). It is worthy to note that not all chronically depressed people with low self-esteem commit suicide while some people with normal esteem level do commit suicide out of impulse. Although the correlation bewteen self-esteem and suicidal behaviour cannot account for all suicide cases, self-esteem is still an important intrinsic tool that can be used to defend one against self-defeating thoughts and the vulnerability of situational stressors. Enhancing the self-esteem of people with negative self-concept could be a timely preventive intervention of suicidal behaviour.

Professional Sports Essays - Roberto Alomar, John Hirschbeck

Professional Sports Due to the greediness of sports figures, professional athletes are not punished in the same manner as other professionals are. It is like they are in a completely different group that uses an entirely different set of morals. Team owners care more about making their money than they do about setting a good example for young kids and making pro sports fun again rather than a business. Three good examples of this greediness are Roberto Alomar, Warren Sapp, and Dennis Rodman. Team owners and their respective leagues need to do something to turn this situation around before they have murderers and rapists playing sports for millions of dollars a year. Roberto Alomar makes 5.5 million dollars a year due to his five Gold Gloves. He is one of majors' best all-around players and destined for the Hall of Fame. In a 1996 divisional playoff game, Alomar was up to bat. Umpire John Hirschbeck called Alomar out on strikes. Alomar went back to the dugout where he started to argue the call with Hirschbeck. The umpire finally tossed Alomar. Orioles manager Davey Johnson along with Alomar went racing to home plate to argue the ejection. As Alomar was being pushed away by Johnson, he spit at Hirschbeck. Alomar was suspended for five games which was to be served at the beginning of the 1997 season, so he could continue to play in the playoffs. In my opinion, this act was indefensible and warranted a stiffer penalty than a five-game suspension. Major league umpires threatened to strike during the playoffs due to Alomar's behavior and inadequate punishment. I believe that the league did not suspend Alomar during the playoffs because he is such a hi gh profile player that he brings in enough money for the league that officials felt they could justify their actions. Warren Sapp was one of the best defensive players in the 1995 NFL Draft. Sapp had tested positive for drugs, mainly marijuana, seven times while playing college football at Miami, including once for cocaine (Wolff 49). In the beginning Sapp called the reports, ?a total fabrication,? but later changed his story and said he did flunk one drug test at Miami (Wolff 49). Even after this admission of guilt, the NFL, still wanting to allow him to play so he could make them money, tried to brighten his image by saying that Sapp did not test positive for cocaine, oddly omitting any mention of marijuana (Price 48). In any other workplace, someone who had tested positive for drugs that many times would not be hired. Dennis Rodman, the National Basketball Association's bad boy, is notorious for getting in trouble. In a January 15, 1997, game, Rodman lost his balance after going for a rebound. He fell into a row of photographers where he kicked Eugene Amos in the groin. Amos, who doubled over in pain, was removed on a stretcher and taken to a Minneapolis hospital. Rodman only received an eleven-game suspension, was fined $25,000 by the league, and ordered to get counseling (Rodman's 22). Compared with 6.3 million he is paid a year for playing basketball that fine is just a drop in the bucket (Micheals 12). That fine is less than one percent of his annual salary. Someone who makes $30,000 a year would be fined more for littering. Attorney Fred Wiesman compared Rodman's behavior to that of Major League Baseball player, Albert Belle, when he said, ?It's the same bullying, arrogant, obnoxious behavior. This is not the way reasonable people should conduct themselves? (?Rodman's? 22). All of the situations mentioned prove one point. Professional sports are corrupted and need to have a serious facelift when it comes to punishment. Roberto Alomar should have at least been suspended immediately rather than the owners allowing him to continue playing, lessening the severity of his actions. Warren Sapp would make a better role model for children if he made anti-drug posters, instead the NFL feels it is fine to allow a known and admitted drug-user to play football and make it seem to children that even if you do use drugs you can still make millions of dollars a year. Not in the real world. Lastly Dennis Rodman

History of the 19th Century Whaling Industry

History of the 19th Century Whaling Industry The 19th-century whaling industry was one of the most prominent businesses in America. Hundreds of ships setting out from ports, mostly in New England, roamed the globe, bringing back whale oil and other products made from whales. While American ships created a highly organized industry, the hunting of whales had ancient roots. It is believed that men began hunting whales as far back as the Neolithic Period, thousands of years ago. And throughout recorded history, the enormous mammals have been highly prized for the products they can provide. Oil obtained from a whale’s blubber has been used for both lighting and lubricating purposes, and the bones of the whale were used to make a variety of useful products. In the early 19th century, a typical American household might contain several items manufactured from whale products, such as candles or corsets made with whalebone stays. Common items which today might be made of plastic were fashioned of whalebone throughout the 1800s. Origins of Whaling Fleets The Basques, from present-day Spain, were going to sea to hunt and kill whales about a thousand years ago, and that appears to be the beginning of organized whaling. Whaling in the Arctic regions began about 1600 following the discovery of Spitzbergen, an island off the coast of Norway, by the Dutch explorer William Barents. Before long the British and Dutch were dispatching whaling fleets to the frozen waters, at times coming close to violent conflict over which country would control the valuable whaling grounds. The technique used by the British and Dutch fleets was to hunt by having the ships dispatch small boats rowed by teams of men. A harpoon attached to a heavy rope would be thrown into a whale, and when the whale was killed it would be towed to the ship and tied alongside. A grisly process, called cutting in, would then begin. The whale’s skin and blubber would be peeled off in long strips and boiled down to make whale oil. Whaling in America In the 1700s, American colonists began developing their own whale fishery (note: the term â€Å"fishery† was commonly used, though the whale, of course, is a mammal, not a fish). Islanders from Nantucket, who had taken to whaling because their soil was too poor for farming, killed their first sperm whale in 1712. That particular species of whale was highly prized. Not only did it have the blubber and bone found in other whales, but it possessed a unique substance called spermaceti, a waxy oil found in a mysterious organ in the massive head of the sperm whale. It is believed that the organ containing the spermaceti either aids in buoyancy or is somehow related to the acoustic signals whales send and receive. Whatever its purpose to the whale, spermaceti became greatly coveted by man.   By the late 1700s, this unusual oil was being used to make candles which were smokeless and odorless. Spermaceti candles were a vast improvement over the candles in use before that time, and they have been considered the best candles ever made, before or since. Spermaceti, as well as whale oil obtained from rendering the blubber of a whale, was also used to lubricate precision machine parts. In a sense, a 19th-century whaler regarded a whale as a swimming oil well. And the oil from whales, when used to lubricate machinery, made the industrial revolution possible. Rise of an Industry By the early 1800s, whaling ships from New England were setting out on very long voyages to the Pacific Ocean in search of sperm whales. Some of these voyages could last for years. A number of seaports in New England supported the whaling industry, but one town, New Bedford, Massachusetts, became known as the world’s center of whaling. Of the more than 700 whaling ships on the world’s oceans in the 1840s, more than 400 called New Bedford their home port. Wealthy whaling captains built large houses in the best neighborhoods, and New Bedford was known as The City that Lit the World. Life aboard a whaling ship was difficult and dangerous, yet the perilous work inspired thousands of men to leave their homes and risk their lives. Part of the attraction was the call of adventure. But there were also financial rewards. It was typical for a crew of a whaler to split the proceeds, with even the lowliest seaman getting a share of the profits. The world of whaling seemed to possess its own self-contained society, and one feature which is sometimes overlooked is that whaling captains were known to welcome men of diverse races. There were a number of black men who served on whaling ships, and even a black whaling captain, Absalom Boston of Nantucket. Whaling Lives On in Literature The Golden Age of American whaling extended into the 1850s, and what brought its demise was the invention of the oil well. With oil extracted from the ground being refined into kerosene for lamps, the demand for whale oil plummeted. And while whaling continued, as whalebone could still be used for a number of household products, the era of the great whaling ships faded into history. Whaling, with all its hardships and peculiar customs, was immortalized in the pages of Herman Melvilles classic novel Moby Dick. Melville himself had sailed on a whaling ship, the Acushnet, which left New Bedford in January 1841. While at sea Melville would have heard many tales of whaling, including reports of whales that attacked men. He would even have heard famous yarns of a malicious white whale known to cruise the waters of the South Pacific. And an immense amount of whaling knowledge, much of it quite accurate, some of it exaggerated, found its way into the pages of his masterpiece.

6 Tips for More Efficient Reading in Grad School

6 Tips for More Efficient Reading in Grad School Got a long reading list? Welcome to graduate school! Expect to read multiple articles and, depending on your field, even a book each week. While nothing will make that lengthy reading list go away, you can learn how to read more efficiently and get more out of your reading for less time. Here are 6 tips that many students (and faculty) often overlook. Scholarly reading requires a different approach than leisure reading The biggest mistake that students make is approaching their school assignments as if they were leisure reading. Instead, academic reading requires more work. Read prepared to take notes, reread paragraphs, or look up related material. Its not simply a matter of kicking back and reading. Read in multiple passes Sounds counter-intuitive, but the efficient reading of academic articles and texts requires multiple passes. Dont start at the beginning and finish at the end. Instead, scan the document multiple times. Take a piecemeal approach wherein you skim for the big picture and fill in the details with each pass. Start small, with the abstract Begin reading an article by reviewing the abstract and then the first couple of paragraphs. Scan the headings and read the last couple of paragraphs. You might find that there is no need to read further as the article may not suit your needs. Read in more depth If you deem that the material is necessary for your project, reread it. If an article, read the introduction (especially the end where the purpose and hypotheses are outlined) and conclusion sections to determine what the authors believe they studied and learned. Then look at the method sections to determine how they addressed their question. Then the results section to examine how they analyzed their data. Finally, reexamine the discussion section to learn about how they interpret their results, especially within the context of the discipline. Remember that you don't have to finish Youre not committed to reading the entire article. You can stop reading at any time if you decide that the article isnt important - or if you think you have all the information that you need. Sometimes a detailed skim is all that you need. Adopt a problem-solving mindset Approach an article as you would a jigsaw puzzle, working from the edges, the outside, in. Locate the corner pieces that establish the overall framework for the article, then fill in the details, the centerpieces. Remember that sometimes you wont need those inside pieces to grasp the material. This approach will save you time and help you get the most from your reading in the least amount of time. This approach also applies to reading scholarly books. Examine the beginning and end, then headings and chapters, then, if needed, the text itself. Once you step away from the one reading one-pass mindset youll find that scholarly reading is not as hard as it looks. Consider each reading strategically and decide how much you need to know about it and stop once youve reached that point. Your professors may not agree with this approach, but it can make your work much more manageable as long as you review some articles in detail.

Enabling healthcare through ICT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Enabling healthcare through ICT - Assignment Example In addition, one can tell whether the information is valid and accurate by checking whether there is supporting evidence from scientific studies (Kuo, et al, 2013). However, the surest way is by seeking health officer’s advice on such information. They are better placed to pinpoint accurate and inaccurate information. Â  Community resources are funded by people in a particular local area. The main purpose of such resources is to improve standards of living rather than waiting for the federal and state programs. Most of the community resources entail the provision of services in healthcare and education. However, the state and federal governments are required to offer these services to the community. For instance, federal resources include those that are basic to the community. Programs such as Medicaid and Medicare as well as supporting and funding other programs fall under the federal government. This is aimed at bringing services closer to the people. Nevertheless, the state is accorded greater authority of the federal funding in order to monitor and regulate federal governments spending.

Integration - Casual Chains and Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Integration - Casual Chains and Strategy - Essay Example More than 2700 courses are being taught in the training centers of TRADCO all over United States in which some of them directly assist mobilization. TRADCO not only provides training only in respect of directly armed force related subjects but also the language courses which are nearly 350 in number. The training centers have more than 503,000 seats among which nearly 435,000 seats are reserved for the armed forces personnel i.e. soldiers, around 34,000 are reserved for service personnel, 8,000 for the soldier who do not belong to United States and the rest of 26,000 seats are reserved for civilians of United States (TRADCO, 2012). Vision and Mission Statement of TRADCO The Commanding General of TRADCO has set the vision statement of the training center which states that ‘Strengthen America’s Force of Decisive Action and provides the Nation an adaptable Army for an uncertain future’ (TRADOC, 2012). Similarly, the mission statement states that ‘Training and D octrine Command develops, educates and trains Soldiers, civilians, and leaders; supports unit training; and designs, builds and integrates a versatile mix of capabilities, formations, and equipment to strengthen the U.S. Army as America’s Force of Decisive Action† (TRADOC, 2012). ... Apart from that TRADCO has opened up its training centers especially for the highly qualified and trained instructors no matter from which part of the world they belong to as long as they can add value to the training provided by TRADCO. Strategy of TRADCO The major aim of TRADCO is to develop such training programs which are aimed at the future training of the US armed forces. In order to create a competitive training center, TRADCO has established institutional training, design and implementation process. The training center has also developed a knowledge management center in order to pursue its strategic plans designed for its soldiers and civilian personnel. The major purpose achieved through knowledge management system in the horizontal and vertical integration followed by TRADCO (DePuy and Swain, 2000). With this, the management of TRADCO can integrate the objectives of the organization through assessment, coordination, analysis and recommendations. Among various other departme nts, TRADCO has a marketing research department as well. With the marketing research, TRADCO is benefitted with the prevailing marketing trends of the armed forces training industry and develops its strategies in the light of the results of the marketing research. The likelihood of attracting qualified faculty for training center can be enhanced through marketing research (King and Demsey, 2008). TRADCO has also implemented a program named as acquisition management insight (Cameron, 2003). This program is used in providing the more focused picture of the requirements of various contracts for training centers. The program is friendly and it ensures that the leaders are involved in the acquisition activities of the training centers. The financial

The Impact of Advertising on Women Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Advertising on Women Essay Everyday of our lives, we are exposed to dozens of advertisements, whether it be on television, the radio, in magazines, on billboards or signs, or anywhere else that companies try to reach us in an effort to promote the products they sell. Advertisers appeal to our hopes, dreams, wants and desires, and exploit our insecurities in an effort to sell us a product, ranging from cars, to household appliances, to a bottle of shampoo. Advertising affects everyone, whether they acknowledge it or not, and it often promotes something that is out of reach to the average person, such as great wealth, or a perfect body. Advertising often carries an overload or excess of meaning, such as statements of power, wealth, leisure, and sexual allure, and they also convey meanings of race and gender. (â€Å"Introduction: Media Studies†) As this paper will demonstrate, advertising is an extremely powerful tool which has the ability to change the way we perceive ourselves. Of particular interest is the effect that advertising has on women. Women are continually bombarded by advertisements in which they are told, directly or indirectly, that they must be thin in order to be beautiful, and they are marketed products that they are led to believe will help them achieve their desired body image of being thin. Women become convinced that they must look like sexy all the time, when in reality, it is almost impossible. Women often begin dieting in order to attain the perfect body that they are striving for, and they occasionally undertake more extreme measures to lose weight, such as bulimia or anorexia, all because they are led to believe, by advertising, that they must have a perfect body. Women are also sexually objectified in advertising, and viewed as merely sexual objects. This paper will explore in depth how women are portrayed in advertising and, more importantly, the impact which it has on them. In western culture, a slender physique has come to be regarded as the standard of feminine beauty; although it is an unrealistic benchmark for nearly all women. The average woman has a seven percent chance that she will be as slim as a catwalk model, and an even lesser chance that she will be as thin as a supermodel. (Konrad, 2008) A 2000 study found that the body fat of models and actresses is, on average, 10 percent less than that of a typical active, healthy woman. (â€Å"Behind the Hype: Dove’s Real Beauty Campaign†) The models that companies use in advertising are also getting thinner relative to the average population. Twenty years ago, models weighed 8 percent less than the average woman. Today, they weigh 23% less than the average female population. (â€Å"Beauty and Body Image in the Media†) However, these truths do not stop women from trying to attain the perfection they see in every day advertisements. Since advertising continually implies that women should be slender, those who do not have this particular body type often suffer from low self esteem and hold a negative self image of their body. After a study in which women viewed sexual and non-sexual ads, the women who viewed the sexual ads rated themselves as being larger, on average, than the women who viewed the non-sexual ads, and women who viewed the sexual ads also expressed greater dissatisfaction over their current physique than the women who watched the non-sexual ads. (Tygart) George Lipsitz has argued that consumer culture and media representations play a greater role than ever in defining identities. (â€Å"Just Do It†) When women see thinness represented in advertising, they would like to look like the models they see and have that same identity that is being shown to them. In addition to women feeling pressure to conform to the desired body type due to their constant exposure to it in advertising, they also are under pressure to attain the perfect body because they believe it is what men feel they must look like. According to a study published in American Behavioural Scientist (Choi et al. , 2008), women are able to realize that the images of supermodels that they see in advertisements are unrealistic and they recognize that they will not be able to attain the body of a supermodel. However, these same women feel that men who view these advertisements will not be able to ascertain the fact that the body types shown are unrealistic. Since women feel that men cannot discern the unrealistic nature of the female body that is presented in advertisements, they feel that men will expect them to meet the standards of beauty portrayed in these ads. Consequently, this leads women to desire to look like the models they see in advertisements, not necessarily because they want to, but because they believe that men view it as realistic and attainable. As stated by Choi, et al. (2008), â€Å"Women are influenced by unrealistic media imagery because they are well aware that men will view those images as real, and value them. † It is argued that, although women know the images shown to them in advertising are unrealistic, they are unable to ignore them, because of the threat of men judging their bodies. Since advertising has the effect of making women desire a thin, slender body that is almost impossible to attain, they frequently make radical efforts in an attempt to get it. An astonishing 75 percent of women who are a normal weight feel that they are in fact overweight. The Anorexia Nervosa Related Eating Disorders research group states that one in four college aged women undertakes unhealthy methods of weight control, ranging from skipping meals and laxative abuse, to self induced vomiting. (â€Å"Beauty and Body Image in the Media†) It has also been estimated that magazines directed to a female audience contain over ten times as many advertisements promoting weight loss than men’s magazines do, advocating a variety of solutions, from diet pills to cosmetic surgery. Researchers have shown that this advertising has led to an increase in eating disorders. (Choi, et al. , 2008) Teenage girls who already claimed to be dissatisfied with their body image showed a higher tendency towards dieting and bulimic behaviours after prolonged exposure to advertisements in a teen girl magazine. (â€Å"Eating Disorders: Body Image and Advertising†) Self-image is often affected in teenage girls because they cannot escape the message that their bodies are imperfect. â€Å"A Girl of Many Parts†) Many researchers believe that advertisers want women to feel insecure and disappointed with their body shape, since this will create the desire for an unattainable body that will increase the consumption of products that companies are trying to sell, such as skin care creams, weight loss supplements, and others. Paul Hamburg, a professor at Harvard Medical School, states: â€Å"The media markets desire. And by reproducing ideals that are absurdly out of line w ith what real bodies do look like, the media perpetuates a market for frustration and disappointment. Its customers will never disappear. † (â€Å"Eating Disorders: Body Image and Advertising†) In terms of sexual objectification, women agreed that they were sexually objectified in advertising, however, contrary to popular belief, younger women appear to no longer have an issue with it. The â€Å"third wave† of feminism today embraces sexuality, and views sex as power. (Dahlberg Zimmerman, 2008) Many feminists now believe it is acceptable for women to use their glamour to their advantage, as long as they are doing it out of their own free will. According to a recent study, young, educated women are not offended by the sexual objectification of women in advertising, which may be a product of the highly sexualized culture we live in today. (Dahlberg Zimmerman, 2008) Although women are deeply affected by how models appear in advertisements, by their desire to want to look like them, the women of today no longer appear to be affected by the sexuality in advertising, and in many cases, they are embracing it. To conclude the efforts, if any, which are being made to change the portrayal of women in advertising should be examined. Although advertising on the whole is still relatively unchanged with respect to its portrayal of women, some companies have altered the message they send about beauty and changed their advertising to reflect this change. An example is Dove, and its Real Beauty advertising campaign. Dove launched the Real Beauty campaign in response to a study it undertook among females aged 18 to 64, the majority of whom felt that advertising set an unrealistic standard of beauty for women that is nearly impossible to achieve. â€Å"Behind the Hype: Dove’s Real Beauty Campaign†) The ads featured the use of everyday women instead of professional models, and images that were not airbrushed in any way. The campaign has been well-received and led to an 11. 4% increase in Dove’s sales in early 2005, although, some critics stated that the campaign promotes obesity in a time when many Americans are struggling with weight issues. Since Dove introduced the â€Å"Real Beauty† advert ising campaign, both Nike and Levi’s released similar campaigns, featuring everyday people as opposed to models. â€Å"Behind the Hype: Dove’s Real Beauty Campaign†) It remains to be seen whether this trend will continue into the future, but at the very least it demonstrates that companies are beginning to provide an alternative to the advertising they had used in the past. In summation, advertising plays a considerable role in how women regard themselves and in their perceptions of how they should look. Advertisers use models with a physique that all but the few, most genetically gifted women could ever attain. As previously stated, he average model has a body fat percentage which is 10 percent less than that of a typical healthy, active woman, and supermodels, on average, weigh 23 percent less than the average woman. After viewing advertisements featuring supermodels, women often feel worse about themselves and begin to suffer from poor self-image and low self-esteem. Even a small amount of exposure to advertising has been demonstrated to make this occur; although women are exposed to hundreds of advertisements on a weekly basis. However, women no longer appear to be affected by the sexual objectification they see in advertising, which has been attributed to the third wave of feminism and the sexually charged culture that we live in. Women also feel pressure to look like a supermodel because, although, they often realize that what is advertised to them is not realistic, they believe that men do not realize this and want regular women to look like the models they see in advertisements. This leads women to seek out that body type, since they feel that men expect it from them. Women undertake everything from common methods of weight loss such as dieting to extreme measures such as anorexia to achieve the body that advertisers tell them they must have. The dissatisfaction they have with their bodies leads them to consume the products that advertisers are marketing to them. One company, Dove has taken a major step forward in its advertising, by using everyday people who have a normal body type in its â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign, and other companies have followed suit with similar advertising, but the majority of advertising still promotes an unrealistic body type as being ideal and desired. Until this changes, women will continue to hold on to the desire to look like a supermodel, however unrealistic that may be, they will continue to go to great distances to turn that farfetched dream into a reality.

This Life Time Has 42048000 Minutes :: essays research papers

Listen up soldiers, we have a crisis on our hands. A silent army has been built up over hundreds of years and is the most deadly enemy we have ever had to face. This enemy you people have known since the day you were brought into this world. You are face to face with this enemy every day, unknowing that every step you take, every move you make, and every decision you face is contributing somehow to this army’s strength. In case you haven’t noticed yet, ladies and gentlemen, this enemy is ourselves. Slowly and surely we are destroying animals, ourselves and most importantly the only planet we have, Earth. You have probably all heard this speech a thousand times before, and well if this has to be the 1001 before we get off our lazy, self-destructing asses and do something to fix it, so be it! I admit I’m no better than the rest of you at the simple things in everyday life that are destroying this planet, but the whole issue pisses me off. Our whole existence revolves around money, and our personal benefit. We have forgotten how to do things for others, how to help the planet and, in turn, how to benefit the species. The fact is simple people, we’re killing ourselves. Many, however, don’t notice it. They believe what they’re doing is either beneficial, or that they are too small to do anything about it. Well most of them are right, most of us fall under some sort of higher power, which means that the root of the problems are mainly the governments. Don’t think that this is leading into one of those x-filesy, conspiracy theory type lectures, however if you’d like to call it that, I wont be one to judge. I do believe the governments know how to prevent and stop much of the problems in our world today. For example, it’s a widely known fact that we have the technology to use water instead of gas for cars, but the government wont allow production because they get money off gas, and to them it’s more important than a clean environment, more important than contaminating the water, or killing off animals because of the pollution even when the money they ge t from the gas ends up being put back into trying to control these problems anyway. And who was the guy who thought that burning fossil fuels would be a good source of energy anyway?

The Indolence of the Filipinos

My topic to be discussed is regarding the fifth installment of Jose Rizal in his essay â€Å"Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos† or â€Å"The Indolence of the Filipinos†. In my presentation, I will only show and explain to you the core concepts found in this installment which is what Jose Rizal wants to address to his readers. Illustrated and highlighted in my topic are the causes of indolence, the effects of the influence of climate to the indolence of the Filipinos, the manifestations from the part of the government and church to their contribution to the causes and effects of indolence in the communities during Spanish period, the government’s action towards it and its effects, and the solutions Rizal had concluded to stop this symptom of a country’s indifference to its ills. In the preceding chapter, it talked about the causes that proceed from the government in fostering and maintaining the evil that we are discussing. This part analyzes the causes which proceed and emanate from the people itself. According to Rizal, these causes can be reduced to two factors. The first factor is the limited training and education Filipino natives receive or the defects of training. Segregated from the Spaniards, Filipinos do not receive the same opportunities that are available to the foreigners. Filipinos are taught to be inferior. The second factor is the lack of unity among all Filipino natives or the lack of national sentiment. Because Filipinos think that they are inferior, they submit to the foreign culture and do everything to imitate it. The lack of national sentiment also brought to life another evil and is divided into two classes. And what are these? These two classes are the absence of all opposition to measure prejudicial to the people and the absence of any initiative in whatever may redound to its good. A man in the Philippines is considered only an individual, and not a member of a nation. He is forbidden and denied the right of association, and is, therefore, weak and sluggish. And as a result of those and when prejudicial measure is ordered, (1) no one protest, all goes well until later the evils are felt; (2) no one has neither the nerves nor voice; (3) all keeps silent and remains with the need; (4) All suffer and pine away from fear of receiving a scolding; (5) and the worst, administrative positions fall to the Filipinos who are the most stupid and incapable men, those who submit to everything. Of the influence of the climate talked about in the beginning, Rizal mentioned in this last installment the effects that had arise from it. The first one resulted from the very limited training at home, the tyrannical and sterile education of the rare centers of learning, and the influence by people in the mind so that a man would not aspire to excel those who preceded him and is what we call stagnation or nonproductive or being inactive. Indolence is a corollary derived from the lack of stimulus and of vitality. The second one resulted from the insinuated inferiority of the Filipinos which is convinced by the brutalization or harassment of one’s self by education, the exchange of usages and sentiments among different nations, and the Filipinos’ susceptibility which allows him to be guided by his fancy and his self-love. This is called the Spirit of Rivalry in which if by some rare incidents, when others excel, instead of his example stimulating, it only causes others to persist in their inaction or being unproductive. The third one is nurtured by the anchorites of a contemplative and lazy life which made the natives resort to spend their life in giving their gold to the Church in the hope of miracles and other wonderful things. Their will is hypnotized by the friars that from childhood they learned to act mechanically through the exercise imposed upon them such as praying for whole hours in unknown tongue, of respecting things that they don’t understand, and accepting beliefs that are not explained to them while even protests of reasons from them are repressed. The last one is the origin of Filipinos’ indolent disposition which had resulted from all his energies paralyzed and the severity of the climate, which is called eternal vacillation or being hesitant or indecision in his speech and action. From the causes and effects mentioned, the evil coming from the part of the government and the church in their contribution towards the Filipinos’ Indolence were manifested in this installment also which is why natives still hardly prosper in free and well-organized communities. This manifestations were (1) inefficiency in the lower spheres of power and ignorance and indifference in the upper, since then the lower spheres were headed by incapable people which only submit about to anything what the upper officials will instruct to them, (2) frequent changes and eternal apprenticeships, (3) great fear and many administrative obstacles, (4) voiceless people, (5) employees who nearly all strive to amass a fortune, and (5) inhabitants who live in great hardship from the instant they begin to breathe, create prosperity, agriculture and industry, found enterprises and companies, since the Spaniards would not want that Filipino natives’ would be much richer than them because they are afraid that people will not follow them anymore. Proposals were raised from the government to combat Filipinos’ Indolence such as increasing natives’ needs and raising the taxes but since the proposals didn’t came from a profound study of the evil that afflicts us, instead the effects were even worst since criminals have multiplied and the penury has been aggravated. Why?Because the Filipinos already had enough needs with his functions in the Church as imposed by the Spanish friars, with the fiestas, with the public offices forced on him, and the donations and bribes that he had to make so that he may drag out himself from the anger of the Spaniards. It was too much for them. Here, Jose Rizal stresses out the true solution Filipinos need to solve this problem of indolence. And it is a reform, a reform which requires education and liberty for the Filipino natives. Rizal had said that Filipinos should not be begrudged of educational opportunities and that all policies will be sincere and consistent or highly civi lizing to all of them.

Ethics Case Study Henry’s Daughters Essay

First question: The movie â€Å"Henry’s daughters† reflects a big amount of ethical issues at individual and societal level. Sorted by importance and the impacting level, the following list shows the highlighted ethical issues based on my perception. 1. The selfish perception of benefits that Henry had. Such selfish that even his family would be affected. If his daughters cannot trust him, how his employees will? 2. The Invasion of privacy. There are issues existing with gathering private data about individuals using the technology. For instance: cameras in the offices. 3. The fact that some work done by Julie for OUTOCAR was used without giving her credit. 4. The negative daring from Julie’s co-worker. This intentional and disrespectful interaction with sexual intentions or the sexist jokes throughout the movie should not be tolerated. 5. The influence of political and social factors when taking a decision that should be based on technical and engineering aspects. 6. Commented issues between family and friends that might be confidential. For example: Laura and Julie are housemates, where they do not avoid talking about the project. The problem appears when both discussed proprietary information of the company. 7. The unhealthy competition of three family members at their professional areas. Bad business, at the end the movie shows that there is more to lose when we involved family in such unethical way. Second question: Engineers are responsible for creating the everyday tools that everyone uses. Because engineers create the tools that people use, of course there needs to be an ethical code which every engineer must respect and follow. The film (Henry’s Daughters) takes a peek into many of the ethical issues raised by engineers. However, all of them might be solved by the proper moral propositions. Some ideas are in establishing: the proper environment, ethics as a priority when adding new employees, and fair incentives. The culture of  the company should adopt an open work environment, happy and fair to all employees. Therefore, the actions of the company must be oriented towards the welfare and morale. The culture should take into account the goals and objectives of the company, but the monetary targets should be the only ones highlighted. Nevertheless, the key is always keeping happiness and productivity together. New people, ideas, and strategies can lead to behavioral and performance c hanges in order to mold new ways of thinking and culture changes. To be more specific, the company’s culture can improve by rotating managers with different views of competitive conditions or operations. It is a way to supply different, needed skills or capabilities from the outside. It is also important to add, for old and new employees, evocative company’s purpose. This is to provide an address to stimulate employees’ learning, and so, they have something they believe in beyond just a â€Å"job.† Also it is vital to provide encouragement and praise to those employees that show progress in any project. Incentives affect behavior and performance and attract new resources and capabilities, which can lead to culture change. On the other hand, the movie shows how disproportional incentives can blind people. Henry’s actions were illegal. Taking the prize for a competition that was not fairly won is highly unethical. Obviously, he got blind because of his selfish point of view of incentives. All these propositions should be analyzed and applied by both, employees and managers. They should actively interact to discuss suggestions and ideas to improve company’s culture. Finally, once the ideas were picked, communication is the key. Company policy should be seen through all marketing material, including TV, magazine, newspapers, and websites. Career fair visibility is important as well to get news about the company out to the public and potential employees. Once those portals (to communicate ethical factors and others) are established, the focus can be the employees’ productivity. Monthly newsletters from company executives highlighting company policy should be sent to employees, so they are aware of changes or improvements being made. All these ideas are based on my perception about the topic. It is a way to show how my perception disagrees with Henry’s. Instead of following a code of ethics, Henry has an â€Å"ends justify the means† philosophy and does not consider ethical and moral implications in his work. He bribes DOT executives and tangles himself in conflicts of interest. In the end, Henry  pays the consequences for his actions when the senate ethics committee finds him guilty of unethical practices. His reputation is ruined and his relationship with his daughters is damaged. All of this could have been avoided. He sadly lost much more than he was able to win.

A comparison between Karl Marx essays

A comparison between Karl Marx essays Karl Marx and Max Weber are two of the most important figures in the science of sociology. Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 in the city of Trier, Germany and was the forefather to the great communist revolution that swept across a large part of the world at the beginning of the 20th Century. Marx is regarded as an economic and political philosopher. However, when compared to one of the founders of sociology Max Weber, Marxs theories still have a clear resonance within this related field. Max Weber was born on April 21st, 1864, in the town of Erfurt, Germany into a wealthy and educated family. Like Marx, Weber was a political economist. However, although there were similarities in some of their theories, there were far more distinct differences. The purpose of this paper is to compare both Marxs Class society and Webers Rational society theories and then to evaluate their relevance in contemporary society. At the core of Karl Marxs socio-economic theory was the theory of class and conflict and it ultimately became very much a capitalist critique. Marx claimed that an individuals class position is determined by his or her relationship to the Forces (means) of production. If a person was in the position of owning the means of production, then they would be categorised as being part of the ruling class or the Bourgeoisie. However, if you did not own the means then you would be in one of the subject classes or the Proletariat. Marx was most concerned with the dominant position of the Bourgeoisie due to them own the means of production. He also stated that with their economic power came political power, and hence the ruling class influenced all spheres of society. In addition, the ideology of the ruling class also subjugated the proletariat into believing that their life was natural and normal. Marx represented this theory by using a Superstructure model of soc...

A Personal Account of the Dream of Making the Deans List, the Fear of Failure, and the Support of My Parents

A Personal Account of the Dream of Making the Dean's List, the Fear of Failure, and the Support of My Parents Failing Well I always wanted to make the dean’s list and unfortunately I have been unable to do so which can be very frustrating when you try your very best and it isn’t good enough. I mean I try everything possible to get straight A’s and nothing seems to work. I have got a tutor for every class possible and it helps bring my grade up but not high enough to where I need it to be. I try multiple studying techniques all of which seem effective but I don’t really do too much better on my test. I do all extra credit assignments that are available but those tend to be only worth a few points so it doesn’t make much of a difference. Now under no circumstances am I saying that I am doing horrible in college, I am actually doing really well achieving A’s B’s. I learned that pluses and minuses make a big difference with grades and GPA so even though I got A’s and B’s those grades were too low in their percent tile for me to make the deanâ €™s list, I want to at least make it once before I graduate. I would always call home and tell my parents about my grades and how I felt and they responded two completely different ways but were both helpful in their own unique way of comforting me. When my mom would listen to me talk about my grades she would tell me how proud of me she was and that I tried my best and that I would get it next time. She never once let me talk bad about myself and she always encouraged me to try my best and that is more than enough when it comes to my grades. Now my dad did the same but he did it with more of a just try to not get lower than a C and he’s okay with it. He knew how hard I was working and pushing myself and he didn’t want me going overboard and stressing myself out more than I had to. Once I got to college is when he came to be very encouraging and always telling me he was proud of me which meant a lot and would calm me down when I would freak out about my grades. Both of my parents are very supportive and let me know that no matt er what happens they are always proud of me and that they always will be and that means more to me than they will ever know. My biggest fear was always failure itself, never being able to be good enough for anyone or anything. Now my dad is very supportive but when I was younger all he focused on was where I could improve. Nothing I ever did was good enough so I always felt like a failure because if I can’t even make my own family proud than how am I supposed to make others proud and show them that I am more than good enough. A lot of my childhood was spent trying to make my dad proud of me, my mom was very supportive and always there for me which I am forever grateful for but I crave the approval of him. I didn’t get that growing up so I always felt like a failure and like I would never be able to be successful because of the fact that I couldn’t even get the approval of my dad. My dad first time telling me he was proud of me was towards the end of my freshman year fall semester so about a year ago†¦I cried due to the fact that I had finally succeeded at what I wanted to for so long but I couldn’t figure out why it took so long for it to happen. He had this tough love mentality and just never gave encouraging words because he didn’t want us to get used to being complimented or getting rewarded for doing what we were supposed to do in the first place. Looking back on it, I understand where he was coming from but I don’t think his way of trying to make his point helped me at all. I honestly think it hurt me more than anything else because I just always felt like I was a failure. I will thank him though for being hard on me because it pushed me to work harder and never give up even when I wanted to. My mom helped me a lot when it came to not giving up and keeping me going and for that I thank her as well. I learned that you can’t succeed at everything as well as you can’t please everyone. You will fail at certain points of your life but I believe you fail at certain things because there is something better and more worthy of your time, energy, and focus. If you try your best and it doesn’t get you to where you want to be then that is okay, the fact that you tried your best should be more than enough and you can try a different approach next time. No one is 100% successful and no one is a 100% failure. Failures are lessons you learn from to figure out how to finally come to the solution you want and I think they are very much necessary believe it or not. If you never fail, you won’t understand the meaning of success nor will you appreciate it and then it won’t mean anything. At the time it might not seem like a good thing to fail but in the end it was part of an instruction to steer you in the right direction to success.

Total Quality Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Total Quality Management - Case Study Example Total Quality Management helps in integration of activities, which constitutes of the integrated system of various principles and is the prime determinants of sustainable competitive advantage for any other company. To retain customers and to create customer value the management needs to focus on providing employees a service, which is customer effective than its competitors. The customer satisfaction transforms into customer delight when the services and goods exceed customer expectations. TQM approach helps in improving the quality of services and goods on a continuous basis, which involves the participation of the individuals at every level and phase of organization. The Japanese organizations were the first to adopt the TQM approach during the early 1950’s. TQM includes methods like Just in Time and Jidoka, which means in station quality. Just in Time system is the most widely used TQM approach which involves the flow of materials in processed way where the right part is r eceived at the right time and the right place. (Radisic, n.d.).The Kanban or the instructions are received from customers and helps in the process of replenishment of the material parts. The results are the establishment of pull approach towards production activities followed in most of the companies. The concept of Jidoka is extremely complex in nature and is not popular amongst other companies. This relates to the types of intelligence machine, which has the potentiality of stopping the production process